1875
| Years: 1872 1873 1874 - 1875 - 1876 1877 1878 | |
| Decades: 1840s 1850s 1860s - 1870s - 1880s 1890s 1900s | |
| Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century 1875 in topic: Lists of leaders: | |
1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar).
| Contents |
Events
January - April
- January 12 - Kwang-su becomes emperor of China.
- February 27 - Newton Booth, 11th Governor of California resigns, having been elected Senator. Lieutenant Governor of California Romualdo Pacheco becomes acting Governor. He is later replaced by elected governor William Irwin.
- March 3 - The first performance of Bizet’s Carmen at the Opéra Comique, Paris
May - August
- May 17 - Aristides wins the first Kentucky Derby.
September - December
- September 1 - A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband.
- November 9 - Indian Wars: In Washington, D.C., Indian Inspector E.C. Watkins issues a report stating that hundreds of Sioux and Cheyenne associated with Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse are hostile to the United States (the Battle of the Little Bighorn was fought in Montana the next year).
- December 4 - Notorious New York City politician Boss Tweed escapes from prison and flees to Cuba, then Spain.
Unknown date
- Wimbledon: Henry Cavendish Jones convinced the "All England Croquet Club" to replace a croquet court with a lawn tennis court.
- Treaty of Saint Petersburg is signed between Japan and Russia.
- Tong wars begin in San Francisco
- The Theosophical Society was founded in New York by Helena Blavatsky, H. S. Olcott, W. Q. Judge, and others.
- The Arya Samaj was founded in Mumbai by Swami Dayananda.
Births
- January 5 - James Stuart Blackton, American film producer
- January 7 - Thomas Hicks, American runner
- January 9 - Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American sculptor and socialite (d. 1942)
- January 11 - Reinhold Glière, Russian composer (d. 1956)
- January 14 - Albert Schweitzer, Alsatian physician, philosopher, and musician, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1965)
- January 15 - Tom Burke, American runner
- January 22 - D. W. Griffith, director
- February 2 - Fritz Kreisler, Austrian violinist (d. 1962)
- February 11 - Sara Wennerberg-Reuter, composer
- February 21 - Jeanne Calment, French supercentenarian oldest documented human being of all time (d. 1997)
- February 26 - Hans Böckler, unionist and politician (d. 1951)
- March 7 - Maurice Ravel, French composer (d. 1937)
- March 26 - Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea (d. 1965)
- March 30 - Jonathan Campbell, film pioneer (d. 1942)
- April 1 - Edgar Wallace, writer (d. 1932)
- April 2 - Walter Chrysler, American automobile pioneer (d. 1940)
- April 4 - Pierre Monteux, French conductor (d. 1964)
- April 5 - Mistinguett, French singer
- April 8 - Albert I of Belgium
- April 15 - James J. Jeffries, boxer (d. 1953)
- May 11 - Harriet Quimby, American pilot (d. 1912)
- June 12 - Sam De Grasse, actor (d. 1953)
- June 24 - Diedrich Westermann, German linguist (d. 1956)
- June 28 - Henri Lebesgue, mathematician (d. 1941)
- July 26 - Carl Jung, psychologist
- July 26 - Antonio Machado, Spanish poet (d. 1939)
- August 18 - Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, composer (d. 1912)
- August 21 - Winnifred Eaton, author (d. 1954)
- August 27 - Katharine McCormick, American women's rights activist
- September 1 - Edgar Rice Burroughs, author
- October 1 - Eugeen Van Mieghem, painter
- October 12 - Aleister Crowley, British occultist (d. 1947)
- October 23 - Gilbert N. Lewis, physical chemist
- December 4 - Rainer Maria Rilke, Austrian poet (d. 1926)
- December 5 - Arthur Currie, Canadian military leader (d. 1933)
- December 25 - Theodor Cardinal Innitzer, Archbishop of Vienna
- Krishna Chandra Bhattacharya
Deaths
- January 23 - Charles Kingsley, English writer (b. 1819)
- February 22 - Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, French painter (b. 1796)
- February 22 - Sir Charles Lyell, British geologist (b. 1797)
- March 1 - Tristan Corbière, French poet (b. 1845)
- May 17 - John C. Breckinridge, Vice President of the United States (b. 1821)
- June 3 - Georges Bizet, French composer (b. 1836)
- June 4 - Eduard Mörike, German poet (b. 1804)
- July 31 - Andrew Johnson, 17th President of the United States (b. 1808)
- August 4 - Hans Christian Andersen, Danish writer (b. 1805)
- August 10 - Karl Andree, German geographer (b. 1808)
- August 17 - Wilhelm Bleek, linguist (b. 1827)
- September 22 - Charles Bianconi, Italian-Irish entrepreneur (b. 1786)
- October 10 - Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Russian writer (b. 1817)
- October 12 - Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux, French sculptor and painter (b. 1827)
- November 22 - Henry Wilson, United States Vice President (b. 1812)
- November 24 - William Backhouse Astor, Sr., American business tycoon (b. 1792)