Adenine
| Adenine | |
|---|---|
| Chemical name | 9H-Purin-6-amine |
| Alternate name | 6-aminopurine |
| Chemical formula | C5H5N5 |
| Molecular mass | 135.13 g/mol |
| Melting point | 360 - 365 °C |
| CAS number | 73-24-5 |
| SMILES | NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 |
| Missing image Adenine_chemical_structure.png Chemical structure of adenine | |
Adenine is one of the two purine nucleobases used in forming nucleotides of the nucleic acids DNA and RNA. In DNA, adenine (A) binds to thymine (T) via two hydrogen bonds to assist in stabilizing the nucleic acid structures. In RNA, adenine binds to uracil (U).
Adenine forms adenosine, a nucleoside, when attached to ribose, and deoxyadenosine when attached to deoxyribose, and it forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a nucleotide, when three phosphate groups are added to adenosine. Adenosine triphosphate is used in cellular metabolism as one of the basic methods of transferring chemical energy between reactions.
In older literature, adenine was sometimes called Vitamin B4. However it is no longer considered a true vitamin (see Vitamin B).
| Nucleic acids edit |
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Nucleobases: Adenine - Thymine - Uracil - Guanine - Cytosine - Purine - Pyrimidine |
| Nucleosides: Adenosine - Thymidine - Uridine - Guanosine - Cytidine - Deoxyadenosine - Deoxythymidine - Deoxyuridine - Deoxyguanosine - Deoxycytidine - Ribose - Deoxyribose |
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Nucleotides: AMP - TMP - UMP - GMP - CMP - ADP - TDP - UDP - GDP - CDP - ATP - TTP - UTP - GTP - CTP - cAMP - cGMP |
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Deoxynucleotides: dAMP - dTMP - dUMP - dGMP - dCMP - dADP - dTDP - dUDP - dGDP - dCDP - dATP - dTTP - dUTP - dGTP - dCTP |
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Nucleic acids: DNA - RNA - LNA - mRNA - ncRNA - miRNA - rRNA - shRNA - siRNA - tRNA - MtDNA - Oligonucleotide |