Allat
Mentioned in the Qur'an (Sura 53:20), Allāt (a contraction of pre-Arabic *al-ilahat "the Goddess") was a pre-Islamic Arabian fertility goddess who was one of the three chief goddesses of Mecca. She, Manāh and Uzza were known as "the daughters of God".
Her name also occurs in earlier Safaitic graffiti as han-'Ilat "the Goddess"; she was also worshipped by the Nabataeans, who equated her with the Greek Athena & the Roman Minerva. According to Wellhausen, they believed Allāt was the mother of Hubal (and hence the mother-in-law of Manāh)
According to the Book of Idols (Kitab al-Asnām) by Hishām b. al-Kalbi, the pre-Islamic Arabs believed Allāt resided in the Ka'ba and also had a stone statue form in the sanctuary. B. al-Kalbi writes (N.A. Faris 1952, pp. 14-15):
- Her custody was in the hands of the Banu-3Attāb ibn-Mālik of the Thaqīf, who had built an edifice over her. The Quraysh, as well as all the Arabs, were wont to venerate Allāt. They also used to name their children after her, calling them Zayd-Allāt and Taym-Allāt. [...] Allāt continued to be venerated until the Thaqīf embraced Islam, when the Apostle of God dispatched al-Mughīrah ibn-Shu3bah, who destroyed her and burnt her [temple] to the ground.
Reference
Ibn al-Kalbī (author) and Nabih Amin Faris (translator & commentary) (1952): The Book of Idols, Being a Translation from the Arabic of the Kitāb al-Asnām. Princeton University Press. US Library of Congress #52006741