International Linear Collider
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The International Linear Collider, also known as the Next Linear Collider, is a proposed linear particle accelerator. As of 2004, it is planned to have a collision energy of 500 to 1000 GeV, and to be completed around 2015. It will collide electrons with positrons. It will be around 40 km long, more than 10 times as long as the Stanford Linear Accelerator, the longest exisiting linear particle accelerator.
The ILC will have a lower energy than the LHC, which is also due to be completed earlier, in 2007. However, the effective collision energy at the LHC will be less than the collision energy of the protons and antiprotons, which is 14000 GeV. This is because the actual collisions happen between the quarks, antiquarks and gluons the protons and antiprotons are composed of, so each individual collision has a lower energy, around 2000 GeV. This is still somewhat higher than the ILC collider energy, but measurements can be made more accurately at the ILC since a collision between an electron and a positron is much simpler than a collison between many quarks, antiquarks and gluons. Hence it is anticipated that the ILC will be used to make precision measurements of the properties of particles discovered at the LHC.
In August 2004, the International Technology Recommendation Panel (ITRP) recommended a superconducting technology for the accelerator. After this decision the three existing linearcollider projects the Next Linear Collider (NLC), the Global Linear Collider (GLC) and Tera Electron Volt Energy Superconducting Linear Accelerator (TESLA) joined their efforts to one single project (the ILC). Physicists are now working on the detailed design of the accelerator. Steps ahead include obtaining funding for the accelerator, and choosing a site.
In March of 2005, the International Committee for Future Accelerators (ICFA) announced the appointment of Pr. Barry Barish as the Director of the Global Design Effort. Barry Barish was previously head of the ITRP. At his inaugural speech at the 2005 International Linear Collider Workshop (LCWS05), he outlined his desire for a fully costed Conceptual Design Report for the ILC by the end of 2006.