List of Europeans
This list is for well known Europeans. For a more specific list covering people from the European Union, see List of EU people
This is a list of people from Europe who had a significant impact outside of their home country ordered by their primary field of endeavour.
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Architecture
- Alvar Aalto, (1898-1976)
- Gian Lorenzo Bernini, (1598-1680)
- Antoni Gaudí, (1852-1926)
- Walter Gropius, (1883-1969)
- Jules Hardouin Mansart, (1646–1708)
- Le Corbusier, (1887-1965)
- Charles Rennie Mackintosh, (1868-1928)
- Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, (1886-1969)
- Andrea Palladio, (1508-1580)
- Christopher Wren
Art
- Salvador Dalí (1904-1989), surrealist
- Vincent van Gogh - Dutch painter
- Michaelangelo - Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, and poet
- Claude Monet - French impressionist painter
- Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), cubism/modernism
- Hugo Pratt, (1927-1995), : Corto Maltese, cartoonist
- Rafael - Renaissance painter and architect
- Rembrandt van Rijn - Dutch painter
- Leonardo da Vinci, Renaissance painter (Mona Lisa)
Computing
- Charles Babbage (1791-1871) - father of computing#
- Ada Lovelace (1815-1852) - mother of computing
- Alan Turing (1912-1954) - father of modern computing
- John von Neumann (1903-1957) - father of modern computing
- Tim Berners-Lee - creator of the World Wide Web
- Linus Torvalds (born 1969) - creator of Linux
Exploration
- Cristoforo Colombo - explorer, trader
- Yuri Gagarin - first human in space
- Ferdinand Magellan - led expedition to circumnavigate the Earth
- Marco Polo (1254-1324) - explorer, merchant
Leadership
- Otto von Bismarck - Prussian/German chancellor
- Julius Caesar - Roman soldier and dictator
- Winston Churchill - British Prime Minister (1940-1945 and 1951-1955)
- Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881) - British Prime Minister
- Francisco Franco (1892-1975) - Spanish dictator
- Charles de Gaulle - French general and President
- Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), dictator
- Klemens Wenzel von Metternich (1773-1858) - diplomat, statesman
- Napoleon I - French emperor and an author of the basic European law: Civil code
Literature
- Jane Austen - English novelist (Pride and Prejudice)
- Hildegard of Bingen - female Christian author
- Lord Byron
- Minna Canth -- one of the first notable woman authors
- Miguel Cervantes - Spanish novelist (Don Quixote)
- Geoffrey Chaucer - English author (The Canterbury Tales)
- Anton Chekov - Russian author
- Joseph Conrad - novelist (Heart of Darkness)
- Dante - Italian poet (The Divine Comedy)
- Fyodor Dostoevsky - Russian novelist (Crime and Punishment)
- Günter Grass, (born 1927), author
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) - German author
- Henrik Ibsen - Norwegian playwright
- James Joyce, (1882-1941), author of Ulysses
- Franz Kafka, (1883-1924), author of The Trial
- Emilio Lussu, (1890-1975), Italian novelist
- Elias Lönnrot -- Compiled the Kalevala
- Christopher Marlowe - playwright
- George Orwell - author of Nineteen Eighty-Four
- Frans Emil Sillanpää -- Nobelist
- William Shakespeare (1564-1616) - English playwright
- Leo Tolstoy - Russian novelist (War and Peace)
- Zacharias Topelius -- journalist, historian
- Mika Waltari
Music
- Johann Sebastian Bach - Baroque composer
- The Beatles - rock and roll band
- Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) - composer
- Hector Berlioz - Romantic composer
- Johannes Brahms - German composer
- Eric Clapton - guitarist
- W.S. Gilbert - opera librettist with Arthur Sullivan
- George Frideric Handel - composer of Messiah
- Joseph Haydn - Austrian classical composer
- Zoltán Kodály (1882 - 1967)
- Led Zeppelin - rock and roll band
- John Lennon (1940-1980) - Musician and Beatle
- Franz Liszt - Hungarian composer
- Paul McCartney - Musician and Beatle
- Felix Mendelssohn - Romantic composer
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) - composer
- Gioacchino Rossini - opera composer
- Franz Schubert - Austrian composer
- The Sex Pistols - rock and roll band
- Jean Sibelius (1865 - 1957)
- Johann Strauss Jr. - waltz composer
- Arthur Sullivan - opera composer with W.S. Gilbert
- Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky - Russian Romantic composer
- Björn Ulvaeus - ABBA member and composer
- Giuseppe Verdi - opera composer
- Richard Wagner - German opera composer
- The Who - rock and roll band
Philosophy
- Hannah Arendt, (1906-1975), political theorist
- Aristotle, ancient Greek philosopher
- Francis Bacon - English philosopher
- René Descartes - French philosopher
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, (1770-1831), philosopher
- Thomas Hobbes - Leviathan
- Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) - early modern philosopher
- John Locke - English philosopher
- Niccolň Machiavelli - author of The Prince
- Karl Marx - author of the Communist Manifesto
- John Stuart Mill - English philosopher
- Friedrich Nietzsche - German philosopher
- Plato, ancient Greek philosopher
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) - philosopher
- Bertrand Russel - English philosopher
- Adam Smith (1723-1790) - author of The Wealth of Nations
- Socrates, ancient Greek philosopher
- Voltaire - Enlightenment writer
Royalty
- Augustus - first Roman emperor
- Alexander the Great - king of Macedon, later conquered Persia, Egypt
- Paul Burrell
- Lady May Cambridge
- Charlemagne - conquered large parts of Europe
- King William I - King of England
- King William II - King of England
- King Henry I - King of England
- King Stephen - King of England
- King Henry II - King of England
- King Richard I - King of England
- King John - King of England
- King Henry III - King of England
- King Edward I - King of England
- King Edward II - King of England
- Queen Elizabeth I - Queen of England
- Queen Elizabeth II - Queen of the United Kingdom
- Ivan the Terrible - first Tsar of Russia
- Queen Victoria - Queen of the United Kingdom
- Kaiser Wilhelm II - Kaiser of the German Empire
Science
- Albert Einstein, German born physicist with Swiss, and later American, citizenship
- Galileo Galilei, (1564-1642), Italian astronomy pioneer
- Stephen Hawking
- Johannes Kepler, astronomer
- Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727), physicist, mathematician and philosopher
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, (1845-1923), physicist
- Artturi Ilmari Virtanen –- chemist, Nobelist
- Leonardo da Vinci
Soldiers
- C.G.E. Mannerheim -- marshal of Finland (1867 - 1951)
Sport
- Mika Häkkinen - F1 driver
- Roger Bannister - runner
- Lasse Virén - runner
- Michael Schumacher, (born 1969), racing driver
- Dino Zoff, (1942-), Italian soccer player
Theology
- Mikael Agricola
- Thomas Aquinas, philosopher and theologian
- Martin Luther, (1483-1546), of the Protestant Reformation
Other notables
- Anne Frank, (1929-1945), diarist and victim of the Holocaust
- Arndt Pekurinen, pacifist