Malawian English
Malawian English is the English language as spoken in Malawi. English and Chichewa language are the country's two official languages.
English was introduced into Malawi towards the end of the 19th century, due to the influence of British explorers, missionaries, the arrival of the African Lakes Corporation, and colonial administrators present since the establishment in the 1890s of the British Central Africa Protectorate. The seventy years of British colonial rule that followed the scramble for Africa, set the groundwork for English to grow into the area's dominant and most socially prestigious language.
Since Malawian independence the dominance of English has continued:
- official government records are written in English,
- parliament conducts its deliberations in English,
- the laws of Malawi are written in English,
- progression into secondary and higher education requires certification of competence in English,
- nearly all Malawian newspapers are published in English (though some include small Chichewa supplements),
- English remains the language of commerce in the country.
This remains true in spite of the fact that a large majority of Malawians speak Chichewa and the number of English speakers outside of urban centers is minimal.
English words are even replacing their equivalents in other Malawi languages. One study of a corpus of Chichewa discourse captured over a ten-year period found that references to numbers > 3 were exclusively in English, at least in urban areas.
External links and sources
- 'My Madam is Fine': The Adaptation of English Loans in Chichewa, from Vol. 21 No. 6 of the Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development
- Malawi's Ministry of Information and Tourism
- Malawi SDNP and UNDP Malawi, supported by the United Nations Development Programme
- University of Malawi website, including admission requirements
- Mzuzu University