Mathesis universalis
Mathesis universalis (Greek mathesis - science, Latin universalis - universal) is a hypothetical universal science modelled on mathematics envisaged by Leibniz and Descartes. It would be supported by a Calculus ratiocinator.
The desire for a language more perfect than any natural language had been expressed before Leibniz by John Wilkins in his An Essay towards a Real Character and a Philosophical Language in 1668.
Predicate logic could be seen as a modern system with some of these universal characteristics, at least as far as mathematics and computer science are concerned.